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Active Galactic Nucleus (AGN) The region in the galaxy where extraordinary brightness is visible.

Image
By Surendra Uikey

Extraordinary luminance is seen due to a single deposit of matter surrounding a supermassive black hole, a narrow region of the galaxy's center, that does not originate in stars. The source of such brilliance has been found in the wavelengths of radiation radiomicrowave(microwave), infrared (infrared), direct (optical), ultraviolet (ultraviolet),X raysand gamma rays.


Giant astrophysical fountains of debris can be seen emanating from active galactic nuclei, such as those seen emanating from the nucleus of an active galaxy called M87, a 5000-light-year-long fountain.  Usually astrophysical fountains are formed when there is an astronomical phenomenon, in which ionized matter is thrown into the fountains in the upper and lower directions of the rotational axis of the rotating celestial object. then it becomes 'relative jets' (relativistic jets).


The very bright central region of the Milky Way is emitting so much radiation that it can completely outshine the rest of the Milky Way.  Active galactic nuclei emit radiation across the entire electromagnetic spectrum, from radio waves to gamma rays.  Researchers believe that this type of radiation phenomenon is generated by a central supermassive black hole when the devouring material gets very close to it. The galaxy having such an active galactic nucleus is called an active galaxy, the active galactic nucleus in which there is a very strong brightness, it is called a quasar.


Active galactic nuclei (AGNs) are the brightest sources of electromagnetic radiation in the universe, as they can be used to find distant objects.  Astronomers have classified different types of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) based on their observed characteristics. The most luminous active galactic nuclei (AGNs) are known as quasars, which give rise to extremely bright galactic centers.


The NASA Hubble Telescope has observed various AGNs over the years, including quasars, located 9 billion light-years away from Earth, this is Hubble's 100,000th exposure, and it was discovered by Hubble in 1996, the first time Hubble has observed in the early universe. the brightest quasar ever discovered.


In 2011 Hubble captured an image of the AGN at the center of the galaxy Markarian, located 509,500 million light-years from the Milky Way, an image of the AGN at the center of the galaxy Markarian. The researchers chose this galaxy's AGN to study, as it is known to vary in brightness, and which indicates that the flow of matter is turbulent.  Hubble's AGN study also provided insight into how supermassive black holes interact with their host galaxies.


Hubble's image so far also includes those with luminous AGNs at their cores, such as ESO 021-G004 and IC 4870.


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